Cognitive

• Define the term cognitive


  The modern scientific approach of mental processes, the emergence of cognitive neuroscience
• Outline three assumptions of the cognitive approach


  • the term cognitive has come to mean mental processes
  • The cognitive approach argues that these internal mental processes can and should be studied scientifically
  • Would use laboratory experiments to indirectly research a persons perception, attention, memory, language and thinking
• What is a schema?

  cognitive framework which helps us to organise and interpret information into the brain and also help us to make sense of new information
• Define cognitive neuroscience.


  The underlying neural bases of cognitive functions, it provides information about the brain structures involved in different types of mental processes
• When did cognitive neuroscience emerge?

  in the 1860s when Paul Broca identified how damage to an area in the frontal lobe can impair speech production
• What are well known techniques in the cognitive approach?


  The EEG (electroencephalograph) which records the brains activity

  The FmRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)
• what is the informational processing approach

  It suggests that information flows through the cognitive system in a sequence of stages that include input, storage and retrieval
• what happens to o schemas as we get older

  they become more detailed and sophisticated, adults have developed mental representations for everything
• who is Paul Broca?

  in the 1860s Broca had identified how damage to an area of the frontal lobe could permanently damage their speech production
• what are two types of brain scanning techniques?

  PET and fMRI
• what type of experiments do cognitive psychologists use?

  Lab experiments which produces reliable and objective data
• what is machine reductionism and why is it a limitation?

  it ignores the influence of human emotion and motivation on the cognitive system and how it may effect our ability to process information
• why does the cognitive approach have low application to everyday life?

  Cognitive psychologists are only able to infer mental processes from the behaviour they observe it also suffers from being too theoretical and abstract
• what can cognitive psychology be applied to

  it can be applied to real world situations such as AI
• is the cognitive approach more or less deterministic than other approaches?

  it is less deterministic as it recognises that our cognitive system can only operate within the limits of what we know