Ionic Bonding

• What is a compound?

  A compound is formed when two or more elements chemically combine.
• How do elements chemically combine to form ionic compounds?

  By the transfer of electrons.
• What is sodium chloride commonly known as?

  Table salt.
• Why is sodium stored under oil?

  To prevent it from reacting with air or water.
• What is the nature of chlorine as an element?

  Chlorine is a very poisonous, reactive gas.
• How do the properties of sodium chloride differ from those of sodium and chlorine?

  Sodium chloride is safe to eat in small quantities, while sodium and chlorine are dangerous.
• What are the learning objectives regarding ionic bonding?

  • Understand how ions are formed by electron loss or gain
  • Know the charges of specific ions
  • Write formulae for compounds formed between ions
  • Draw dot-and-cross diagrams for ionic compounds
  • Understand ionic bonding in terms of electrostatic attractions
  • Understand the properties of giant ionic lattices
  • Know the conductivity of ionic compounds in different states
• What are the charges of metals in Groups 1, 2, and 3?

  They typically form positive ions.
• What are the charges of non-metals in Groups 5, 6, and 7?

  They typically form negative ions.
• What is the charge of the ammonium ion?

  NH4+.
• What is the formula for the carbonate ion?

  CO32−.
• What is the significance of dot-and-cross diagrams in ionic bonding?

  They show the formation of ionic compounds by electron transfer.
• Why do compounds with giant ionic lattices have high melting and boiling points?

  Due to strong electrostatic attractions between ions.
• When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  When molten or in aqueous solution.
• What is an example of an ionic compound that does not contain a metal?

  Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl).
• What is sodium chloride an example of?

  An ionic compound.
• What do all ionic compounds typically contain?

  A metal combined with a non-metal.
• What is magnesium oxide an example of?

  An ionic compound.
• What is calcium fluoride an example of?

  An ionic compound.
• What is zinc bromide an example of?

  An ionic compound.
• How can you recognize ionic compounds?

  They usually contain a metal.