CP11 Analysis of Inorganic Compounds

• What distinguishes inorganic compounds from organic compounds in terms of composition?

  No carbon-hydrogen bonds
• Inorganic compounds primarily contain metals and non-metals without carbon-hydrogen bonds.
• Inorganic compounds are often derived from mineral sources
• Give two examples of inorganic compounds.

  Sodium chloride, Sulphuric acid
• What are the two main types of ions found in inorganic compounds?

  Cations and anions
• The hydrogen ion ($H^ +$) has a charge of +1 and is colorless in solution.
• The chloride ion ($Cl^ -$) is an important electrolyte with a charge of -1
• Match the compound with its constituent ions:

  $NaCl$ ↔️ $Na^ +$ and $Cl^ -$

  $CaCO_{3}$ ↔️ $Ca^{2 + }$ and $CO_{3}^{2 - }$
• What is the purpose of flame tests in chemistry?

  Identify metal ions
• Flame tests are based on the unique emission spectra of metal ions when heated.
• Steps in performing a flame test:

  1️⃣ Soak a platinum wire loop in hydrochloric acid

  2️⃣ Dip the loop into the metal salt solution

  3️⃣ Hold the loop in a non-luminous blue flame

  4️⃣ Note the color produced
• What color does lithium produce in a flame test?

  Red
• Copper ions ($Cu^{2 + }$) produce a green-blue flame color.
• Flame tests help distinguish between different metal ions based on their characteristic emission spectra.
• Why are inorganic compounds simpler in structure compared to organic compounds?

  Lack of $C - H$ bonds
• Match the composition with the correct type of compound:

  Carbon-based with C - H</latex> bonds ↔️ Organic compounds

  Metals and non-metals without $C - H$ bonds ↔️ Inorganic compounds
• Inorganic compounds are primarily composed of metals and non-metals without $C - H$ bonds.
• Organic compounds originate from plant and animal sources, while inorganic compounds come from mineral sources.
• Which inorganic ion is essential in acids and is colorless in solution?

  Hydrogen ion
• Match the compound with its constituent ions:

  $NaCl$ ↔️ $Na^ +$ and $Cl^ -$

  $CaCO_{3}$ ↔️ $Ca^{2 + }$ and $CO_{3}^{2 - }$
• What is the underlying principle of flame tests in identifying metal ions?

  Electron transitions
• Steps in performing a flame test:

  1️⃣ Soak a platinum wire loop in hydrochloric acid

  2️⃣ Dip the loop into the metal salt solution

  3️⃣ Hold the loop in a non-luminous blue flame

  4️⃣ Note the color produced
• What color does calcium produce in a flame test?

  Orange-red
• Testing a solution of $NaCl$ in a flame test will produce an orange-yellow flame.
• Flame tests are used to identify metal ions based on their unique emission spectra when heated.
• What is the purpose of qualitative tests for anions?

  Identify specific anions
• Adding dilute hydrochloric acid to a carbonate ion ($CO_{3}^{2 - }$) results in the effervescence of carbon dioxide gas.
• What type of precipitate forms when silver nitrate solution is added to a chloride ion ($Cl^ -$)?


  White
• What color flame is produced when testing a solution of $NaCl$?


  Orange-yellow
• Qualitative tests rely on observable changes like color changes, precipitate formation, or gas evolution
• Adding dilute hydrochloric acid to carbonate ions results in the effervescence of carbon dioxide gas.
• Steps to test for chloride ions:

  1️⃣ Take a sample of the solution

  2️⃣ Add dilute nitric acid

  3️⃣ Add silver nitrate solution

  4️⃣ Observe for a white precipitate
• In titration, the equivalence point is indicated by a color change or a pH meter.
• What does gravimetric analysis measure to quantify the analyte?

  Mass of a precipitate
• Colorimetry uses the absorbance of light by a colored solution to measure concentration.
• What law is used in colorimetry to calculate the concentration of an analyte?

  Beer-Lambert law
• Match the quantitative analysis technique with its principle:

  Titration ↔️ Reacts with titrant until equivalence

  Gravimetric Analysis ↔️ Measures precipitate mass

  Colorimetry ↔️ Uses absorbance of light
• Inorganic compounds contain carbon bonded to hydrogen.

  False
• What type of bonds are primarily found in inorganic compounds?

  Metal and non-metal bonds
• $NaCl$ is an example of an inorganic compound.