2.2.1 Water Resources

• Water resources include surface water and groundwater
• Where is groundwater stored?

  In aquifers
• Groundwater is less visible but can be extracted through wells.

  True
• Which river is an example of a surface water resource with abundant availability?

  Amazon River
• Surface water is highly reliable because it is evenly distributed.

  False
• Surface water is highly visible and accessible
• What type of development leads to greater water usage?

  Economic development
• Increasing population leads to higher water consumption for domestic, agricultural, and industrial needs
• Shifts towards more water-intensive foods like meat and dairy increase agricultural water demand.


  True
• How does climate change affect water resources?

  Alters precipitation patterns
• Match the challenge with its impact:

  Climate Change ↔️ Altered precipitation patterns

  Pollution ↔️ Contaminated water sources

  Over-extraction ↔️ Depleted groundwater
• What is the primary goal of sustainable water resource management?

  Ensuring long-term water security
• What are the benefits of water recycling and reuse?

  Reduces demand for freshwater
• Steps to implement sustainable water management strategies

  1️⃣ Improve water efficiency

  2️⃣ Recycle and reuse wastewater

  3️⃣ Ensure equitable water allocation
• What are water resources defined as?

  Sources of useful water
• Surface water includes rivers, lakes, and reservoirs.

  True
• Surface water is found in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs
• Match the water resource with its distribution:

  Surface Water ↔️ Unevenly distributed

  Groundwater ↔️ More evenly distributed
• The Ogallala Aquifer supplies water for many states in the US
• What is the reliability of groundwater compared to surface water?

  Higher
• Population growth increases the demand for water resources.


  True
• Urbanization strains local water supplies and infrastructure
• What is the primary impact of urbanization on water resources?

  Strains local water supplies
• Uneven global distribution of water resources makes managing growing demand a significant challenge
• Excessive pumping of groundwater lowers water tables
• Steps to address challenges in water resource management

  1️⃣ Identify the challenges

  2️⃣ Develop integrated management approaches

  3️⃣ Balance environmental sustainability

  4️⃣ Address economic needs

  5️⃣ Ensure social equity
• Improving water efficiency helps maximize the use of limited water supplies
• Equitable water allocation ensures fair distribution of water among sectors and regions.

  True