3.2.2 The Immune System

• What are the two types of immunity?

  Active and passive
• Give an example of passive immunity.

  Antibodies from mother to baby
• Match the immune system component with its function:

  Antibodies ↔️ Neutralize pathogens

  Bone marrow ↔️ Produces white blood cells

  Thymus ↔️ Matures white blood cells
• The skin acts as a physical barrier to prevent pathogens from entering the body.
• Steps of phagocytosis in innate immunity:

  1️⃣ Pathogen is engulfed by phagocyte

  2️⃣ Pathogen is digested by enzymes

  3️⃣ Pathogen fragments are released
• What are the two types of cells involved in adaptive immunity?

  B cells and T cells
• What is the primary role of T cells in adaptive immunity?

  Attack infected cells
• B cells and T cells create immunological memory for future responses


  True
• An example of active immunity is vaccination against measles
• Match the immune system component with its function:

  White blood cells ↔️ Identify and destroy pathogens

  Antibodies ↔️ Bind to and neutralize pathogens

  Bone marrow and thymus ↔️ Produce and mature white blood cells

  Lymphatic system ↔️ Transports immune cells and fluid
• The skin prevents pathogen entry by acting as a physical barrier
• Match the type of adaptive immunity with its mechanism:

  Active immunity ↔️ Body produces antibodies after infection

  Passive immunity ↔️ Body receives antibodies from another source
• The immune system is your body's defense mechanism against pathogens
• Active immunity provides short-term protection.

  False
• White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, identify and destroy pathogens.
• Innate immunity is a targeted response to specific pathogens.

  False
• What are the four signs of the inflammatory response?

  Redness, swelling, heat, pain
• Match the innate immunity component with its function:

  Skin ↔️ Prevents pathogen entry

  Mucous membranes ↔️ Traps pathogens

  Inflammatory response ↔️ Recruits immune cells

  Phagocytosis ↔️ Destroys pathogens
• The secondary immune response is faster and more effective than the primary response.


  True
• B cells produce antibodies that bind to and neutralize pathogens.
• T cells directly attack cells infected by pathogens
• The immune system's primary defence mechanism involves white blood cells
• Antibodies from mother to baby provide passive immunity

  True
• Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific protection


  True
• Phagocytosis involves engulfing and digesting pathogens


  True
• The primary response in adaptive immunity is slow, while the secondary response is rapid


  True
• T cells directly attack cells infected by pathogens


  True
• Memory B cells provide long-term immunity after antibody production


  True
• Cell-mediated immunity involves T cells, while humoral immunity involves B cells
• Which antibody is the most abundant and provides long-term immunity?

  IgG
• Which antibody is involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections?

  IgE
• Match the type of immunity with its characteristic:

  Cell-mediated immunity ↔️ Involves T cells

  Humoral immunity ↔️ Involves B cells
• Passive immunity provides long-lasting protection.

  False
• The bone marrow and thymus are responsible for producing and maturing white blood cells
• What is the first line of defense against pathogens in the body?

  Innate immunity
• Adaptive immunity involves both B cells and T cells.

  True
• The primary immune response is slow, while the secondary response is rapid
• Match the antibody with its role:

  IgM ↔️ First produced during infection

  IgG ↔️ Long-term immunity

  IgA ↔️ Found in mucosal secretions

  IgE ↔️ Involved in allergic reactions
• Where is IgA found in the body?

  Mucosal secretions
• Antibodies are produced by B cells to bind to antigens