C6.3.2 Climate Change

• Climate change is primarily driven by the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations
• The scope of climate change is at a global
• Match the key aspects with their descriptions:

  Duration ↔️ Long-term shifts spanning decades to centuries

  Scope ↔️ Global scale changes

  Predictions ↔️ Climate models
• Greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit heat back to the Earth's surface.

  True
• Increased greenhouse gas levels enhance the greenhouse effect, causing global warming.

  True
• Climate change refers to short-term daily weather variations.

  False
• Climate change predictions are based on climate models.

  True
• The greenhouse effect works similarly to how a real greenhouse traps heat
• Steps in the greenhouse effect:

  1️⃣ Incoming solar radiation enters the atmosphere

  2️⃣ Some sunlight is reflected, some is absorbed by Earth's surface

  3️⃣ Earth releases absorbed energy as infrared radiation

  4️⃣ Greenhouse gases trap some of this heat

  5️⃣ Trapped heat warms the Earth's surface
• What are three greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere?

  Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor
• Describe the steps involved in the greenhouse effect.

  1️⃣ Incoming solar radiation penetrates Earth's atmosphere

  2️⃣ Some sunlight is reflected back into space, while the rest is absorbed

  3️⃣ Earth releases absorbed energy as infrared radiation

  4️⃣ Greenhouse gases trap some of this heat

  5️⃣ Trapped heat warms Earth's surface
• Match the greenhouse gas with its source.

  Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) ↔️ Burning fossil fuels

  Methane (CH₄) ↔️ Agriculture

  Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) ↔️ Industrial processes
• Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation contribute to climate change
• Which industrial processes release fluorinated gases into the atmosphere?

  Manufacturing, refrigeration
• Global average sea levels have risen by about 20 cm since the late 19th century.


  True
• What is the primary role of greenhouse gases in the greenhouse effect?

  Trap heat from the sun
• Which greenhouse gas has the highest GWP among the fluorinated gases?

  Fluorinated gases
• Fluorinated gases are used in refrigeration and industrial processes.


  True
• Fluorinated gases have global warming potentials ranging from 1,000 to 23,000.


  True
• Greenhouse gases trap heat and contribute to the greenhouse
• Match the greenhouse gas with its source:

  Carbon Dioxide ↔️ Burning fossil fuels

  Nitrous Oxide ↔️ Industrial processes

  Fluorinated Gases ↔️ Refrigeration

  Methane ↔️ Natural gas leaks
• Deforestation reduces the ability of trees to absorb carbon dioxide.


  True
• Which greenhouse gas is released from livestock and fertilizers in agriculture?

  Methane
• The Earth's climate is changing due to natural variations only.

  False
• Melting ice sheets contribute to sea level rise
• The greenhouse effect is a natural process that keeps Earth warm enough to support life
• What is the primary effect of increased greenhouse gas levels due to human activities?

  Global warming
• What does the global warming potential (GWP) measure?

  Contribution to warming
• Deforestation reduces the number of trees available to absorb CO₂ through photosynthesis.


  True
• Arrange the evidence for climate change in terms of its impact on the environment.

  1️⃣ Rising global temperatures

  2️⃣ Melting glaciers and ice sheets

  3️⃣ Sea level rise

  4️⃣ Extreme weather events
• Climate change refers to long-term shifts in average weather conditions
• The global warming potential (GWP) of methane is 25
• Methane has a global warming potential of 25
• What does the global warming potential (GWP) measure?

  Contribution to warming
• Carbon dioxide has a global warming potential of 1.


  True
• Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide
• Order the human activities contributing to climate change by their primary impact:

  1️⃣ Burning fossil fuels releases CO₂

  2️⃣ Deforestation reduces CO₂ absorption

  3️⃣ Agriculture produces CH₄ and N₂O

  4️⃣ Industrial processes emit fluorinated gases
• The buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to a rise in global temperatures
• Match the evidence of climate change with its observation:

  Rising Global Temperatures ↔️ 1.1°C increase since the 19th century

  Melting Glaciers and Ice Sheets ↔️ Greenland and Antarctic ice loss

  Sea Level Rise ↔️ 20 cm increase since the 19th century

  Extreme Weather Events ↔️ Increased frequency and intensity
• The last decade was the hottest on record due to climate change.


  True